Plastic Reduction Policy in AfricaAfrica's plastic reduction policy leads the world According to statistics, a total of 34 countries in Africa impose taxes on the use of plastic bags or ban the use of plastic bags altogether. Among them, 31 countries are located in the south of the Sahara Desert and are generally considered relatively backward and poor areas. Tanzania prohibits tourists from bringing plastic bags Tanzania announced that the country will implement the second phase of the ban on plastic bags from June 1, 2019. Passengers entering Tanzania need to discard the plastic bags they carry at the airport to be allowed to enter Tanzania. The first phase of the policy was implemented in 2017. In the name of "protecting youth and the environment", it is prohibited to manufacture or sell any plastic bags in China. "The Tanzanian government does not want to use this policy to deliberately cause trouble for tourists." The Vice President of Tanzania expressed his hope that travelers will understand the government's intention to be good: "The Tanzanian government does expect travelers to support this policy to protect the environment and maintain the country's beauty and cleanliness. Accept the little trouble caused by banning plastic bags." Some industries are not restricted by the ban There are exceptions to this policy of banning plastic bags. Industries such as medical care, industry, construction, agriculture and animal husbandry, recycling management, and small zipper bags used by passengers to carry cleaning and sanitary products are not included here, provided that passengers must ensure these small The zipper bag will go back home with them. Tanzania’s goal is to become a country that does not use plastic bags at all, just like 33 other African countries that are working in the same direction. Use plastic bags in Kenya to face fixed-term imprisonment Kenya has the strictest plastic bag ban in the world. Whether it is a manufacturer, importer, wholesale seller or consumer, as long as they are found to use plastic bags, they may face a fine of up to 38,000 U.S. dollars (about 1.2 million N.TD) or four years in prison. . . An average of 100 million plastic bags are used every year Even if the punishment is very severe, the policy is difficult to fully implement. Many plastic bags are still sold and used under the eyes of everyone. This policy has also caused a great social backlash. Despite this, according to the United Nations, Kenya uses an average of 100 million plastic bags a year. For them, such drastic banning measures are very commendable and the effect is still very significant. The capital of Luanda is listed as the "cleanest city in Africa" Luanda is committed to becoming the first country in the world that does not use plastics, and the effects of its domestic policies are also evident. The United Nations listed Luanda’s capital, Kigali, as the cleanest city on the African continent, thanks to the country’s ban on the use of non-biodegradable plastics in 2008. 40% of the world’s garbage is incinerated In May 2019, the United Nations Environmental Research Report concluded that the policy of banning plastics is not only effective, but the results are even more significant in African countries that are used to directly burning plastic waste. As much as 40% of the world’s garbage is finally incinerated, creating many toxic gases that threaten the health of vegetation, humans and animals. Release of toxic substances increases the risk of multiple diseases The UN report pointed out that "burning plastic waste will increase the risk of heart disease, aggravate respiratory diseases such as asthma and emphysema (Emphysema), but also cause symptoms such as skin rash, nausea, headache, and more likely to harm the human nervous system." Plastic reduction can effectively reduce environmental pollution On the whole, banning plastic bags can achieve two effects: First, reduce the generation of garbage, to reduce the damage to the marine environment and organisms caused by garbage flowing into the ocean. Second, it can alleviate the air pollution caused by burning disposable plastic waste. Bangladesh is the first country to ban plastics In 2002, Bangladesh became the first country in the world to ban plastic bags by legislation. Countries such as China, Netherlands, Israel, Morocco, and Albania also followed up with legislation. However, the degree of ban on plastic bags varies from country to country. China prohibits the use of plastic bags with a thickness of no more than 0.025 mm, and businesses and food vendors are also prohibited from giving plastic bags to consumers. Botswana legislation was loosened due to protests In November 2018, Botswana was protested by manufacturers after banning plastic bags through legislation. Manufacturers claim that the policy does not fully consider their recommendations. Two weeks later, the Botswana government lifted the ban. Reference: dq
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